Blog Data

Regulation Data

The battery carbon footprint declaration: why PCF comes before the passport

EV batteries placed on the EU market have needed a verified carbon footprint declaration since 18 February 2025, two years before the digital passport. The declared number, in kg CO2e per kWh delivered over service life, will soon sort batteries into performance classes and eventually face maximum thresholds. The hardest data to collect is your suppliers', and recycled feedstock is the most reliable way to bring the total down.

19 May 2026

Data

Catena-X, Gaia-X and the interoperability question: will your battery passport survive the hand-off?

A battery passport spends 15 to 20 years crossing company boundaries: OEM to fleet, fleet to second-life operator, operator to recycler. A passport locked inside one vendor's platform fails at exactly those moments. Here is what Catena-X and Gaia-X actually standardise, and what to demand from any passport vendor before you sign.

28 April 2026

Data

QR codes, GS1, DIDs: choosing a unique identifier for your battery passport

From February 2027 every EV and industrial battery carries a QR code engraved into the pack, and behind it a unique identifier that must stay valid for 15 to 20 years. The regulation names the standard family but not the scheme: GS1 Digital Link, W3C DIDs and plain serials all compete for that engraving. Here is what is legally required, what is your choice, and the traps to catch before printing a million labels.

21 April 2026

Second Life Data

What "dynamic data" really means: connecting the BMS to the passport

The EU battery passport must carry state-of-health and usage data that stays current through the battery's life, per Annex VII of Regulation 2023/1542. The BMS already measures everything the annex asks for; the missing piece is the bridge that carries those numbers into the passport across every change of owner, because live SoH is the input the reuse-or-recycle decision runs on.

14 April 2026

Data

Sharing chemistry data without leaking your recipe: zero-knowledge proofs for batteries

From 18 August 2031, new EV and industrial batteries must contain at least 16% recycled cobalt, and manufacturers must prove it to readers they do not fully trust. Zero-knowledge proofs let a passport verify a claim like "over 16% recycled cobalt" while the formulation stays sealed. An NDA promises silence; cryptography enforces it.

7 April 2026